{"id":41791,"date":"2019-03-28T12:16:21","date_gmt":"2019-03-28T12:16:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.jomec.co.uk\/intercardiff\/?p=41791"},"modified":"2019-03-28T12:16:21","modified_gmt":"2019-03-28T12:16:21","slug":"super-honey-offers-hope-cardiff-researchers-tackling-antibiotic-resistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/science-environment\/super-honey-offers-hope-cardiff-researchers-tackling-antibiotic-resistance","title":{"rendered":"Super honey offers hope for Cardiff researchers tackling antibiotic resistance"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the threat of antibiotic resistance looming, researchers at Cardiff University are turning to old remedies like honey for inspiration. <\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41823\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41823\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-41823 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Bee-625x352.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"352\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41823\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41823 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Bee-625x352.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"352\" \/><\/noscript> Not only is honey important to bee health, it has been used medicinally for 1000s of years.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pharmacologists at Cardiff University have discovered new antibacterial compounds to employ in the fight against hospital superbugs such as MRSA. They gathered honeys from all over the UK to assess their effectiveness in killing bacteria.<\/p>\n<p>Having placed a drop of each honey into different dishes containing MRSA, they returned to find that one in particular had wiped out a large zone of bacteria.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41824\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41824\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-41824\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/InhibitionZone-625x468.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"468\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41824\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-41824\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/InhibitionZone-625x468.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"468\" \/><\/noscript> The honey that killed the most bacteria was tracked down to a Druid in North Wales.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cHoney was used to treat wounds in Egypt as early as 1500 BC,\u201d says Justine Jenkins, Research and Engagement Manager at Cardiff University&#8217;s School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. \u201cWe\u2019ve gone full circle, back to realising how useful and important it is.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The researchers proposed that honey\u2019s ability to kill bacteria is determined by which species of plant bees extract nectar from. By looking at the makeup of the high-performance \u2018super honey\u2019 they have discovered a number of new antibacterial compounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41822\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41822\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-41822 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Hive-625x517.jpeg\" alt=\"Bees Hive Honey Antibacterial\" width=\"625\" height=\"517\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41822\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41822 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Hive-625x517.jpeg\" alt=\"Bees Hive Honey Antibacterial\" width=\"625\" height=\"517\" \/><\/noscript> Bees bringing back nectar from clover, bluebells and dandelions produced super honey.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The findings are encouraging amid the growing threat that antibacterial resistance poses to public health. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cBy 2050 the World Health Organisation think that more people will die of infection than cancer,\u201d says Rhys Thomas, a Research and Engagement Assistant at Cardiff University. \u201cWe could be heading for a post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can once again kill.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bacteria evolve quicker than higher organisms, the makeup of future generations can change in ways that neutralise antibiotics. When antibiotics are used, bacteria that have developed resistance survive and go on to reproduce. This antibiotic resistance evolves naturally, but misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals is accelerating the process.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41818\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41818\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-41818 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/BetterInfo-625x813.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"813\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41818\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41818 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/BetterInfo-625x813.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"813\" \/><\/noscript> Infographic from the CDC Threat Report 2013, Antibiotic resistance threats in the US.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201c70% of the antibiotics used in the UK go into the farming sector. Which is ridiculous, it really is ridiculous,\u201d says Jenkins. \u201cIn places like India it\u2019s even worse. They use antibiotics like hand-washing, they use it instead of promoting hygiene and sanitation.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, even as existing antibiotics become ineffective,\u00a0the team in Cardiff is unlikely to be able to use the\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">antibacterial compounds they have discovered to make new drugs. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cIt comes down to money and the nature of the pharmaceutical industry,\u201d says Thomas. \u201cIt can take 10 years from start to finish, and by the time you\u2019ve reached that point the bug will become resistant.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41820\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41820\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-41820 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Beer-625x417.jpeg\" alt=\"Beer Honey Cardiff Local\" width=\"625\" height=\"417\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41820\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41820 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Beer-625x417.jpeg\" alt=\"Beer Honey Cardiff Local\" width=\"625\" height=\"417\" \/><\/noscript> Instead of developing a drug, their super honey is going into M\u00eal, a local beer.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These days bringing a new drug to market takes hundreds of millions, if not billions of pounds. Therefore the financial incentive for developing a drug with a limited lifespan like antibiotics just isn\u2019t there.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cMany of the drugs we use these days just wouldn\u2019t make it through to market if they were discovered now,\u201d says Jenkins. \u201cParacetamol for one wouldn\u2019t reach product development. This is why we\u2019re looking at natural remedies, it\u2019s a cheap way of working around the problem.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41819\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41819\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-41819 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Cannabis-625x369.jpg\" alt=\"Cannabis Drugs Plant Medicine\" width=\"625\" height=\"369\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41819\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41819 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Cannabis-625x369.jpg\" alt=\"Cannabis Drugs Plant Medicine\" width=\"625\" height=\"369\" \/><\/noscript> Medicines in liquid and pill form have been extracted from parts of the cannabis plant.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Obtaining treatments directly from nature is not new. Aspirin stems from the willow plant, one of the main chemotherapy drugs comes from the yew tree and daffodils are being planted to the North East of Newport to yield treatments for Alzheimer\u2019s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cContrary to popular belief drugs aren\u2019t unnatural. Everything comes from a natural product, everything,\u201d says Jenkins. \u201cSomewhere along the line someone\u2019s taken something natural, isolated the most effective part and manufactured it. That\u2019s what drugs are and that\u2019s what we do here.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41821\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41821\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-41821 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Engagement-625x409.jpeg\" alt=\"Beehive Bees Education Public Engagement\" width=\"625\" height=\"409\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41821\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41821 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/intercardiff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/03\/Engagement-625x409.jpeg\" alt=\"Beehive Bees Education Public Engagement\" width=\"625\" height=\"409\" \/><\/noscript> Alongside the research, the project has gained momentum as a public engagement initiative.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The &#8216;Pharmabees&#8217; project has taught nine schools about bees and helped install four beehives across Cardiff. Right now the barriers are too great for the Cardiff team to use the new antibacterial compounds to develop an antibiotic. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, the researchers have won an award for a new concept using inhalers to inject honey-coated particles into patients&#8217; lungs to treat infections. Continued research in collaboration with the German Navy may open up even more avenues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thomas says, \u201cYou never know. It could be like when Alexander Fleming first discovered penicillin on the windowsill. A moment like that. In the end it could just be pure luck.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cBy 2050 more people will die of infection than cancer.\u201d  Cardiff researchers resort to honey to address antibacterial resistance to antibiotics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":463,"featured_media":41823,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[564],"coauthors":[703],"class_list":["post-41791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-environment","tag-wildlife"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Super honey offers hope for Cardiff researchers tackling antibiotic resistance - 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