{"id":2692,"date":"2020-07-22T07:02:15","date_gmt":"2020-07-22T06:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.jomec.co.uk\/life360\/?p=2692"},"modified":"2020-07-26T02:57:08","modified_gmt":"2020-07-26T01:57:08","slug":"being-black-in-china-during-the-pandemic-shock-confusion-and-mistreatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/being-black-in-china-during-the-pandemic-shock-confusion-and-mistreatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Being black in China during the pandemic: shock, confusion and mistreatment"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Africans came to southern China to seek opportunities and a fresh start, but encountered a new level of discrimination.<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Abara Uduike was enjoying a burger and beer in a restaurant in Guangzhou, China, when a stranger called. The male voice sounded \u201cinterrogative,\u201d and demanded that he come home quickly. Despite having no idea who was calling, Uduike rushed back to his apartment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ten minutes later, four police officers and three medical workers showed up. The police checked Uduike\u2019s Zimbabwe passport and travel history, and even demanded his phone\u2019s password to access the call history and messages. Then, the medical staff tested Uduike to see if he had contracted COVID-19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI don\u2019t know why they had to bring four policemen,\u201d he said. \u201cIt feels like I had committed a crime or something.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the past three months, many Black Africans like Uduike have complained about racial profiling in Guangzhou, a southern megacity in China. They were subject to random checks from the police, frequent COVID-19 tests, mandatory 14-day quarantines in some cases, and even evictions from apartments or hotels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Guangzhou is home to the largest African diaspora in Asia. During the financial crisis in Southeast Asia from 1997 to 1999, many African traders doing business in Thailand or Indonesia decided to migrate to Guangzhou, seeking more opportunities or a fresh start.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"633\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224.jpg 950w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-293x195.jpg 293w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224.jpg 950w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397125_118224-293x195.jpg 293w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption>Guangzhou, a megacity in South China, has been attracting African traders over the last two decades. Photo: Sina News\/Li Dong<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Roberto Castillo, assistant professor at the Department of Cultural Studies at Lingnan University, Hong Kong, estimates there are<a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiabyafrica.com\/point-a-to-a\/little-africa-guangzhou-china\"> 15,000 to 25,000<\/a> Africans in Guangzhou. The exact number is unknown because of people who overstayed their visas and are not counted in official lists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amid concerns about imported infections and a possible second wave of the pandemic, local authorities started paying more attention to Africans, tracking them down and subjecting them to stringent containment measures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On April 7, five Nigerians tested positive for the coronavirus in Guangzhou\u2019s Yuexiu District. Four had eaten in a local African restaurant called EmmaFood. Those and other cases sparked fears that Africans were the carriers of the virus. Rumors such as \u201cBlack people will create the second wave\u201d or \u201cGuangzhou has sealed off certain regions\u201d spread on social media, even though local authorities said they were false.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the capital city of a province proud of its manufacturing industry, Guangzhou plays host to large numbers of African traders. In 2017, for example, approximately<a href=\"http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2018-09\/01\/c_137436565.htm\"> 320,000<\/a> Africans entered or left China through Guangzhou, according to the Xinhua news agency. But the publicity and controversy related to Africans and COVID-19 began changing the attitudes of many shop owners and landlords.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A video showing a notice at a local McDonald\u2019s outlet denying entry to Black people quickly went viral. Widespread criticism prompted the restaurant to close temporarily and apologize. (McDonald\u2019s<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/nbcblk\/mcdonald-s-apologizes-after-restaurant-china-bans-black-people-n1184616\"> said<\/a> the ban on entry for Black people is \u201cnot representative of our inclusive values.\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Again, for those who still doubt that Black people and particularly <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/AfricansinChina?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#AfricansinChina<\/a> are being targeted we feel it is our duty to share this. A sign at a <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/McDonalds?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@McDonalds<\/a> restaurant seems to make this perfectly clear <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/FaveKrdQHi\">pic.twitter.com\/FaveKrdQHi<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Black Livity China (@BlackLivityCN) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BlackLivityCN\/status\/1249011762638266374?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">April 11, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>CNN also reported that some <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2020\/04\/10\/china\/africans-guangzhou-china-coronavirus-hnk-intl\/index.html\">Africans were evicted<\/a> from their homes \u2014 apparently by private decisions of their landlords, not the government.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While Black Africans have experienced previous racial discrimination in Guangzhou, the pandemic appears to have prompted a new level of xenophobia. Africans say they are more racially targeted than ever before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uduike said he was unfairly treated by his gym, which suspended his membership. However, a Canadian friend and workout partner didn\u2019t receive the same treatment. \u201cI was just targeted based on my race,\u201d Uduike said, adding that he doesn\u2019t believe his friend was exempted because he was from Canada, but because he was white.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After the unexpected visit from the \u201cCOVID-19 crew,\u201d Uduike contacted his African friends the same day and found all of them had been ordered to self-quarantine within a couple of hours. \u201cWe quickly realized that it\u2019s only African people who have been quarantined,\u201d he said. (Uduike is not his real name; to avoid further difficulties with Chinese authorities, he and other Africans interviewed for this story asked not to be identified.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On April 12, Guangzhou authorities said at a press conference that more than 4,600 people from \u201chigh-risk\u201d countries had been screened, received a nucleic acid test for COVID-19, and been incorporated into the virus management system.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><iframe class=\"zeen-lazy-load-base zeen-lazy-load\" width=\"100%\" height=\"635\" src=\"about:blank\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/viewer.mapme.com\/8cff9a94-4ff2-4bfb-a120-64887fe4888c\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><noscript><iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/viewer.mapme.com\/8cff9a94-4ff2-4bfb-a120-64887fe4888c\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/noscript><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During his 14-day quarantine, Uduike was told to activate the alarm on his apartment door, so the security staff would notice if he attempted to leave. He was required to submit his temperature to a nurse every day via WeChat, China\u2019s most widely used social media network. He even had to sign a contract acknowledging that if he broke the quarantine and contracted COVID-19, he would face legal consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uduike blames the government for restrictions on Africans by private businesses, citing a <a href=\"https:\/\/china.usembassy-china.org.cn\/health-alert-u-s-consulate-general-guangzhou-peoples-republic-of-china\/\">health alert from the US embassy<\/a> in Beijing, which warned: \u201cPolice ordered bars and restaurants not to serve clients who appear to be of African origin.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEven though you were outside, you were not able to go anywhere,\u201d said Uduike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gordon Mathews, an anthropologist at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, said the crackdown isn\u2019t just about racism. Because some Africans overstayed their visas, Guangzhou authorities feared they might be untraceable carriers of the virus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf you didn\u2019t have records of who they were, then you are going to round up everybody,\u201d said Mathews. \u201cRemember that COVID-19 has caused all kinds of people to panic.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another anthropology researcher at the University of Amsterdam, Shanshan Lan, visited Guangzhou to study grassroots interactions between local Chinese and visiting Africans. In a report published in a US academic <a href=\"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/729306\">journal<\/a>, she wrote that \u201cmutual stereotypes and racialization [existed] on both sides,\u201d partly due to language barriers and cultural misunderstandings. Additionally, she said, Chinese media portrayed visiting Africans sensationally, as a \u201cblack threat.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many Africans had arrived in China on short-term business visas, planning to buy cheap products and send them back to their home countries for resale. But restrictions on their movements, combined with suspicion from Chinese merchants and manufacturers, made life difficult.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekon Selassie, a Nigerian in the fashion business, usually visits Guangzhou to order cheap clothes. This year, he arrived March 8, expecting to stay two weeks. Instead, he was stranded for three months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While living in a hotel, he was asked to come down to the reception desk for a COVID-19 test. Although the result was negative, police collected his passport without explanation, and it took a week to get it back. Subsequently, hotel staff asked Selassie to check out. He asked why, and the staff told him \u201cno \u2018why.\u2019\u201d So he wandered the streets for three hours, inquiring about lodging at more than 20 hotels, but was rejected by all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cNo hotels wanted to accept Black people. If you approach, they would say \u2018zoukai\u2019 (go away),\u201d said Selassie. \u201cIt feels so bad.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">China denied discriminating against \u2018African brothers\u2019 after U.S. and African diplomats complained about the harassment of Africans in southern Chinese city of Guangzhou <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/RmOrF2NBjV\">https:\/\/t.co\/RmOrF2NBjV<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/14SjQIYBhe\">pic.twitter.com\/14SjQIYBhe<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Reuters (@Reuters) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Reuters\/status\/1250088926519296000?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">April 14, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, he found a hotel that would accept foreigners like him. The next morning, he checked in, but police arrived and told him to self-quarantine. Selassie spent the day with nothing to eat. Finally, his business partner in Guangzhou brought him bread and fruit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The trader purchased clothes online and had them delivered. But when he hired a truck to carry his merchandise to a pier, the hotel refused to let the vehicle enter its yard. Normally, Selassie would visit the port to ensure his goods were safely packed into a shipping container. But because of the quarantine, he had to tell logistics agents to release the cargo without being able to inspect it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A few days later, the police came to the hotel, telling Selassie to move again. He protested, and the officers promised he would stay in a \u201cfree\u201d quarantine hotel. But the free period lasted only five days and a longer stay would cost $17 per day \u2014 well beyond his usual budget.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After hearing complaints of discrimination and mistreatment, African diplomats complained to the Chinese government, condemning the crackdown in Guangzhou as \u201cstigmatization and discrimination.\u201d Back in Nigeria, Femi Gbajabiamila, the leader of the lower house of Parliament, met with China\u2019s ambassador on April 10 to demand an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Mr Speaker reads the riot act to the Chinese ambassador: We will not tolerate maltreatment of Nigerians in China!!! <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/gblIVVynNz\">pic.twitter.com\/gblIVVynNz<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Oloye Akin Alabi (@akinalabi) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/akinalabi\/status\/1248690552486400001?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">April 10, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>China already has a high profile in sub-Saharan Africa, with investments and contracts totaling $299 billion from 2005 to 2018, according to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aei.org\/china-global-investment-tracker\/\">China Investment Global Tracker<\/a>. Additionally, the country has made $130 billion in direct loans to African nations since 2000. Fears of neocolonial ambitions or \u201cdebt trap\u201d diplomacy are often discussed, so the way Africans are treated in China is newsworthy back home.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diplomatic pressure and news reports helped to ease restrictions for African visitors in Guangzhou. Uduike was allowed to end the quarantine ordered by the \u201cCOVID-19 crew\u201d after six days. He emerged from his apartment to find that some Africans were sleeping under a bridge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThey could not rent an apartment. They could not go to their friends\u2019 houses because their apartment complexes would not let them in. They were basically stuck in the streets because no one wanted to let them in,\u201d said Uduike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He teamed up with volunteers to bring food to the homeless Africans, and pressured Guangzhou\u2019s foreign affairs office to find accommodations for Africans who had been evicted by hotels or landlords.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uduike, a native of Zimbabwe, has lived in China for eight years. He studied software engineering at Beijing Jiaotong University and launched his career in a start-up tech company in Guangzhou. He said Africans have always been treated differently, even before COVID-19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMany landlords would say \u2018no\u2019 to Africans,\u201d said Uduike. \u201cThese things happen to us every day. It was just [the pandemic] that amplified it and gave it a recognition.\u201d Despite the challenges, he plans to remain in Guangzhou, working as a software engineer, for the foreseeable future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe class=\"zeen-lazy-load-base zeen-lazy-load\" title=\"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf3 What&#039;s it like being black in China? | The Stream\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"about:blank\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zQkiil3kXt4?start=329&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><noscript><iframe title=\"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf3 What&#039;s it like being black in China? | The Stream\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zQkiil3kXt4?start=329&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>African nationals aren\u2019t the only group to encounter discrimination. Monique Lin, a Black Canadian teaching English at a university in Guangzhou, said her stay on the campus was like being \u201cin a jail.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhenever I would go to the gates of the school to pick up food or even a package, the guards would not allow me to step out like a foot or two,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One time, Monique had to cross the campus to print the material for her class but was stopped by the guard. She showed her campus card, but the guard didn&#8217;t let her through. Monique decided to leave them but was chased by a guard after she walked through the gate.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;He grabbed my bag, and I just let it go and dropped it on the floor,&#8221; said Monique. She said the guard came along with her to the print shop. When Monique was on her way back, the guard took a photo of her, and Monique did the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monique said there could have been better communication between the local authority and the black community. &#8220;I don&#8217;t necessarily think those were intentional measures. I just think it was an outcome of a lack of interaction and communication.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uduike suggested that Guangzhou should treat Africans and other foreigners as residents and invite them to work as volunteers. \u201cI saw Chinese students volunteering in subway stations to test people\u2019s temperatures,\u201d he said. \u201cI think they should have foreign students joining them as well.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That would show Chinese residents, he said, that Black visitors from Africa and other countries are a resource, not a threat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monique felt upset with the harassment. She wrote a complaint letter to her HR, saying she would quit the job. \u201cI should not have to be disrespected where I live and work. It has been emotionally and mentally draining, and it has impacted my energy and ability to fully be present for the students,\u201d read her complaint letter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selassie managed to take an evacuation flight back to Nigeria at the end of May. While asked if he would come to Guangzhou to do business, he said: \u201cI need to take a rest.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(To protect the security of interviewees, Abara Uduike, Ekon Selassie and Monique Lin are pseudonyms.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africans came to southern China to seek opportunities and a fresh start but encountered a new level of discrimination. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":2700,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[72,71,73],"class_list":["post-2692","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorised","tag-african","tag-black","tag-guangzhou"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Being black in China during the pandemic: shock, confusion and mistreatment - Life360<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/being-black-in-china-during-the-pandemic-shock-confusion-and-mistreatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Being black in China during the pandemic: shock, confusion and mistreatment - Life360\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Africans came to southern China to seek opportunities and a fresh start but encountered a new level of discrimination.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/being-black-in-china-during-the-pandemic-shock-confusion-and-mistreatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Life360\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-07-22T06:02:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-07-26T01:57:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/07\/43011_397123_223654.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"950\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"633\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Randall Gu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Randall Gu\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/being-black-in-china-during-the-pandemic-shock-confusion-and-mistreatment\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cardiffjournalism.co.uk\/life360\/being-black-in-china-during-the-pandemic-shock-confusion-and-mistreatment\/\",\"name\":\"Being black in China during the pandemic: shock, confusion and mistreatment - 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